![]() A synonym for kraken has also been krabbe (see below), which further indicates a name-theme referencing drags.īesides kraken, the monster went under a variety of names early on, the second to kraken being horven ("the horv"). This idea seems to first have been notably remarked by Icelandic philologist Finnur Jónsson in 1920. It is thought that krake in the sense of a "multi-armed sea monster" or " octopus" is derived from the meaning "crooked tree", as trunks with crooked branches or outgrowths, as well as drags, wooden or not, readily conjure up the image of a cephalopod, making it a descriptive name initially. Old school Scandinavian drag ( grapnel anchor) made from the top of a tree, historically known as krake or krabbe in the Scandinavian languages, probably the root for the naming of the mythological monster. Swedish SAOB gives the translations of Icelandic kraki as "thin rod with hook on it", "wooden drag with stone sinker" and "dry spruce trunk with the crooked, stripped branches still attached". Old Norse kraki mostly corresponds to these uses in modern Icelandic, meaning, among other things, "twig" and "drag", but also "pole, stake used in pole blockages " and " boat hook". With time, "krake" have come to mean any severed tree stem or trunk with crooked outgrowths, in turn giving name to objects and tools based on such, notably for the subject matter, primitive anchors and drags ( grapnel anchors) made from severed spruce tops or branchy bush trunks outfitted with a stone sinker, known as krake, but also krabbe in Norwegian or krabba in Swedish ( lit. This is backed up by the Swedish dictionary SAOB, published by the Swedish Academy, which gives essentially the exact same description for the word in Swedish and confirming the lead krak as a diminutive form of krok, Norwegian and Swedish for 'hook/crook'. It originates from Old Norse kraki, which is etymologically related to Old Norse krókr, lit. Īccording to a Norwegian dictionary, the root meaning of krake is "malformed or overgrown, crooked tree". The English word kraken (in the sense of sea monster) derives from Norwegian kraken or krakjen, which are the definite forms of krake ("the krake"). That said, the claim that Linnaeus used the word "kraken" in the margin of a later edition of Systema Naturae has not been confirmed. Subsequent authors have referred to Linnaeus's writing, and the writings of Bartholin's cetus called hafgufa, and Paullini's monstrous marinum as "krakens". Linnaeus wrote about the Microcosmus genus (an animal with various other organisms or growths attached to it, comprising a colony). Linnaeus may have indirectly written about the kraken. The legend of the Kraken may have originated from sightings of giant squid, which may grow to 12–15 m (40–50 feet) in length. This led to Jules Verne's depiction of the kraken, although Verne did not distinguish between squid and octopus. ![]() The great man-killing octopus entered French fiction when novelist Victor Hugo (1866) introduced the pieuvre octopus of Guernsey lore, which he identified with the kraken of legend. The French malacologist Denys-Montfort, of the 19th century, is also known for his pioneering inquiries into the existence of gigantic octopuses. Pontoppidan was the first to describe the kraken as an octopus (polypus) of tremendous size, and wrote that it had a reputation for pulling down ships. However, the first description of the creature is usually credited to the Norwegian bishop Pontoppidan (1753). This description was followed in 1734 by an account from Dano-Norwegian missionary and explorer Hans Egede, who described the kraken in detail and equated it with the hafgufa of medieval lore. Kraken, the subject of sailors' superstitions and mythos, was first described in the modern era in a travelogue by Francesco Negri in 1700. ![]() The kraken ( / ˈ k r ɑː k ən/) is a legendary sea monster of enormous size said to appear in the sea between Norway and Iceland. Colorized facsimile – hand-colored woodcut or pen and wash
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